How much vinegar actually reduces glucose and insulin responses.
What the evidence says
- Glucose response reduction: 11–54% in healthy subjects with high-GI meals, as `cvg04` relays from earlier studies (”glucose response decreased by 11% – 54%”); ~42% in type 2 diabetics with a high-GI meal (`cvg04`, 181 vs 311); ~6% in type 2 diabetics with a mixed meal (`cvg03`, 2834 vs 3005) (the two percentages are computed from the papers’ AUCs; noted 2026-09-19)[1],[2]
- Insulin response reduction: ~21% in type 2 diabetics, computed from `cvg03`’s AUCs (16136 vs 20473)[2]
- ”A significant dose-response relation was seen at 30 min for blood glucose and serum insulin responses” (scope at 30 min restored 2026-09-19)[3]
- Most beneficial with high-glycemic foods; no significant effect with already low-glycemic meals[1]