How your body processes and regulates blood sugar.
What the evidence says
- Glucose uptake by tissues (muscle, brain) for direct use as energy[1]
- Insulin-regulated: pancreas releases insulin, cells take up glucose[1]
- Distributed throughout body: muscles, brain, liver[1]
- Glycogen stores, from `cgm01`’s Table 1 (adapted from Hargreaves 2012) — averages with their ranges, read from the table rather than the prose: muscle 500 g (normal range 300–700 g), liver 80 g (normal range 0–160 g), and whole-body glycogen approximately 600 g, ”a figure that varies widely based on body mass, diet, fitness, and recent exercise”[2]
- The ranges are the point and no layer carried them. Liver glycogen has a normal range running from zero; muscle glycogen varies more than two-fold between people. A single number for either is a population average being read as a person’s anatomy[2]
- This file said “liver stores ~100 g (>80 g per Murray & Rosenbloom)” until 2026-09-02. Neither figure was the paper’s: 80 g is the table’s average, not a floor, and ~100 g appears nowhere in it[2]
- In mice, glucose enhanced ChREBP expression and triglyceride synthesis while being associated with improved hepatic insulin signalling — the contrast with fructose is the paper’s point, and `csf01`’s liver findings are mouse work; its human material is a separate comparison of lipogenic enzymes in adolescents with and without NASH[3]
- In humans, at 25% of energy for 10 weeks, glucose-sweetened beverages did not produce the harms fructose-sweetened ones did — the study’s title is the finding: ”consuming fructose-sweetened, not glucose-sweetened, beverages increases visceral adiposity and lipids and decreases insulin sensitivity in overweight/obese humans.” The result is a contrast, not a clearance of glucose[4]