Why table sugar hits your body twice—glucose plus fructose.
What the evidence says
- Table sugar (sucrose) = equal parts glucose + fructose[1]
- Glucose: enhanced ChREBP and triglycerides but improved hepatic insulin signaling[2]
- Fructose: uniquely increased fatty acid synthesis genes and reduced liver insulin signaling[2]
- Divergent effects, and ONLY under one condition: on a HIGH-FAT diet fructose drove fatty liver and insulin resistance while glucose did not — on chow diet there was no major difference between the two[2]
- Every csf01 finding above is from a MOUSE study (Softic et al.), not human physiology. The sibling file ksf02 records the same work and states this; this file did not[2]
- Found in: sugar, HFCS, honey, agave[1]