Research paper
Urban LE, McCrory MA, Dallal GE, Das SK, Saltzman E, Weber JL, Roberts SB. Accuracy of stated energy contents of restaurant foods. JAMA. 2011 Jul 20;306(3):287-293. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.993
Why we cite it
Cross-sectional bomb calorimetry study measuring actual versus stated energy content of 269 restaurant food items across 42 restaurants in three US states. Reveals that while aggregate calorie counts are roughly accurate, 19% of individual items exceed stated values by ≥100 kcal, with systematic undercounting concentrated in lower-calorie menu items at sit-down restaurants — the exact items health-conscious diners select. Referenced in companion 243 for restaurant calorie reliability.
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