Research paper
Longo VD, Mattson MP. Fasting: molecular mechanisms and clinical applications. Cell Metabolism. 2014 Feb 4;19(2):181-92. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.12.008. PMID: 24440038; PMCID: PMC3946160.
Why we cite it
Review in Cell Metabolism. Synthesises evidence across species from yeast to humans, establishing the molecular framework for understanding how fasting triggers adaptive cellular responses. Identifies three key mechanism categories: (1) metabolic switching from glucose to ketone bodies after glycogen depletion, (2) activation of conserved stress-resistance pathways (mTOR inhibition, AMPK/FOXO activation, autophagy), and (3) reduction of pro-growth signalling (IGF-1, insulin). Reviews clinical evidence for fasting interventions across obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, neurodegeneration, rheumatoid arthritis, and asthma. Introduces the important distinction between intermittent fasting (24-hour cycles) and periodic fasting (2+ days, less frequent) — each producing different metabolic effect profiles. Relevant to companion 406 (electrolytes-and-fasting) as the comprehensive mechanistic framework for fasting physiology within which electrolyte changes occur.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.12.008 · PubMed 24440038 · Publisher
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