The five elements of well-being according to positive psychology.
What the evidence says
- Flourishing requires five elements (PERMA): Positive emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, Accomplishment[1]
- Well-being cannot be reduced to any single element including happiness[1]
- Each element is pursued for its own sake, not as a means to another[1]
- Relationships are essential—”other people matter” is a core finding[1]
- The goal is flourishing (thriving across domains), not just happiness[1]