Research paper
Spiegel K, Tasali E, Penev P, Van Cauter E. Brief communication: Sleep curtailment in healthy young men is associated with decreased leptin levels, elevated ghrelin levels, and increased hunger and appetite. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2004;141(11):846-850. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-141-11-200412070-00008
Why we cite it
Brief communication from the laboratory that founded the sleep-metabolism field, published in Annals of Internal Medicine. A randomized 2-period, 2-condition crossover study in which two days of sleep restriction were associated with decreased leptin, increased ghrelin, and increased hunger and appetite, specifically toward calorie-dense high-carbohydrate foods — associated with being the authors’ own verb, used in their title, results and conclusions alike, about their own intervention.
Two corrections, and the second repairs the first (2026-09-02, cards SP97Y7 and 6NM98H).
The mode was corrected this morning. The section read ”First controlled crossover study to demonstrate.” The design claim was right and the verb was not, and ”first” is a priority claim the abstract makes nowhere.
That correction was inserted mid-sentence and orphaned the clause it cut across, leaving ”the abstract makes nowhere specifically toward calorie-dense high-carbohydrate foods” — a sentence that says nothing, live for seven hours in a record reaching 14 companion pages. Repaired here, and the note now sits in its own paragraph per the rule adopted after this exact failure recurred three more times.
A journal ranking and a citation ranking were also removed: ”published in a top-tier general medical journal” and ”has become one of the most cited studies linking sleep to obesity risk” — both standing claims this library does not measure, unlawful under `law-citations.md` as ruled 2026-09-02. The journal is now simply named, which is the checkable version of the same fact.
DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-141-11-200412070-00008 · PubMed 15583226 · Publisher