Book
Taleb NN. Antifragile: Things That Gain from Disorder. New York: Random House; 2012. 519 p.
Why we cite it
A book introducing the concept of “antifragile”: in the book’s account, systems that get stronger from stress, disorder, and volatility rather than merely withstanding them. Its triad: fragile things break under stress, robust things resist stress, antifragile things improve from stress. Not a scientific work: a philosophical and practical framework drawn from complex systems thinking and probability theory.
About the author
Nassim Nicholas Taleb (born 1960, Lebanon) is Distinguished Professor of Risk Engineering at NYU Tandon School of Engineering. PhD from the University of Paris; MBA from the Wharton School. Former options trader (21 years in quantitative trading before academia). Author of the five-volume Incerto series on uncertainty: Fooled by Randomness (2001), The Black Swan (2007), The Bed of Procrustes (2010), Antifragile (2012), and Skin in the Game (2018). Co-Editor in Chief of Risk and Decision Analysis since 2014. Not a psychologist or health professional — his expertise is in risk, probability, and complex systems.
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